What is Electromyography (EMG)?

definition of terms

Definition

Electromyography (EMG) is a technique for evaluating and recording the electrical activity of skeletal muscles. EMG uses electrodes on the skin to detect muscle activation.

Explanation

  • EMGs assess the health and function of muscles and the nerve cells that control them.
  • Measurements are taken at rest and during contracted states to determine recruitment patterns and fatigue.
  • Results help identify muscle imbalances, activation deficits, and neuromuscular disease.
  • In fitness, EMGs determine the most effective exercises for targeting specific muscles.

Examples

  • Using EMG to compare muscle activity in the front delt during an overhead press vs. lateral raise.
  • Assessing latissimus dorsi activation during pull-ups, lat pulldowns, and rows.

Related Terms

  • Muscle activation, motor unit recruitment, neuromuscular fatigue

Common Questions

  • Does EMG measure strength? No, it detects electrical signals but not force output.
  • Can I get an EMG test? Yes, they are done by doctors, physical therapists, and researchers.

Do Not Confuse With

  • EKGs – Assess heart electrical activity, not muscles.
  • MRI – Imaging test that shows body structures, does not measure function.
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